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The ICRC in Rwanda
© ICRC/Josué Anselmo / ref. rw-n-00111-06

The ICRC opened a delegation in Rwanda in 1990, prior to which it covered the country from the regional delegation in Kinshasa.

The ICRC focuses its activities in Rwanda on the thousands of detainees held in prisons and communal lock-ups and unaccompanied children separated from their families either in 1994 or during the mass repatriations in 1996-1997.

The organization works with the authorities to incorporate IHL into domestic legislation and school and university curricula. It also supports the development of the Rwandan Red Cross.


Rwanda in 1994:
a "millimetre of humanity..."

Gruesome statistics can never reflect the full horror of what this country and its people endured during those 100 days...
read more

Special features:
  • First-person account by Philippe Gaillard, the ICRC's head of delegation in Rwanda in 1994
  • Audio interview - three questions to Philippe Gaillard
  • Photo gallery: days of horror, moments of hope
  • Legal background on the issue of genocide
  • "Preventing Genocide" – speech by the President of the ICRC, Stockholm, 2004


  • Personnel (2008): 135, including 21 expatriates



    For further information on the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda see:
    IHL and International criminal juridiction > Ad hoc tribunals
    Key document
      16-7-2007
      Rwanda: Cyprien helps young Evariste to rejoin family after years of separation
      Cyprien Ndemeye has been a Rwandan Red Cross volunteer for 15 years. For most of that time he has worked to trace and reunite families thrust apart by the tragic events that have shaped Rwanda and the region since 1994. As time passes, memories fade and any information obtained may be too fragmentary to help to reunite a family. Nevertheless, thanks to Cyprien, a young man aged 16 was able to rejoin his family last year.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Feature Includes Photo

      2-4-2004
      Rwanda 1994: days of horror, moments of hope
      Between April and July 1994 the population of Rwanda experienced a nightmare; hundreds of thousands failed to survive it. Selection of photographs by Claude Gluntz of the Swiss magazine L'Illustré, Thierry Gassmann, Josué Anselmo and Patrick Fuller of the ICRC.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Photo Collection Includes Photo

      1-4-2004
      Rwanda 1994: a "drop of humanity in an ocean of horror"
      Introduction to the ICRC's commemoration of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Juan Martinez

      31-3-2004
      Rwanda 1994: "In situations like that, it is vital not to let on that you are dead scared..."
      Talk given by Philippe Gaillard, ICRC head of delegation in Rwanda from 1993 to 1994, on 18 October 1994 at the International Museum of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, Geneva, entitled Rwanda 1994: "La vraie vie est absente" (Arthur Rimbaud)
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Includes Photo

      29-3-2004
      Genocide, a "serious crime": the 1948 Convention
      Genocide is a serious crime under international law. It is currently defined in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, adopted on 9 December 1948 by the United Nations General Assembly. Alain Aeschlimann, jurist and head of protection activities at the ICRC, explains:
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)

    Audio Collection
      30-3-2004
      Rwanda 1994: "We have to communicate with the killers. I met them all..."
      Audio interview with Philippe Gaillard, the ICRC's head of delegation in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide. He talks of what the ICRC was able - and unable - to do, and recalls some vivid memories of "the hell of Kigali at that time...".
      (Info resources\Audio\Africa)
      Audio Collection Includes Audio

    Feature
      1-12-2005
      Rwanda: “They took care of Brigitte when no one else did…”
      ICRC employee Jakob Larsen meets Charlotte, an HIV/AIDS educator trained by the ICRC to raise awareness of the virus among co-detainees in Rwanda.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Feature Includes Photo

      1-12-2005
      Rwanda: ICRC combats HIV/AIDS in prisons
      The ICRC, which frequently visits prisons in Rwanda to check on the conditions of detention, has just completed an awareness-raising campaign on HIV/AIDS for some 36,000 detainees. According to Jean-Paul Tuyisenge, who works at the ICRC delegation in Kigali, the results are encouraging.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Feature

      25-5-2005
      Aline: "Many former detainees speak of a moral debt to the ICRC…"
      Aline Mukamabano was the first local employee to be hired by the ICRC in Rwanda, in 1990. She currently works as administration delegate at the ICRC's regional delegation in Cameroon.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Feature

    Field newsletter
      28-2-2007
      ICRC in Rwanda - Delegation Newsletter
      This newsletter describes the ICRC's activities in Rwanda in 2006, including tracing activities to restore family links, promotion of international humanitarian law (IHL) and the rehabilitation of water supply infrastructures.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)
      Field newsletter Includes PDF

    International Review of the Red Cross
    Official Statement
      28-1-2004
      Preventing Genocide: threats and responsibilities
      At the Stockholm International Forum, organized by the Swedish government on 26-28 January 2004, ICRC President Jakob Kellenberger highlighted lessons that had to be learned from horrors such as the Holocaust and Rwanda.
      (ICRC Activities\Promoting IHL)
      Official Statement

    Photo Collection
      30-3-2004
      Rwanda 1994: days of horror, moments of hope
      Between April and July 1994 the population of Rwanda experienced a nightmare; hundreds of thousands failed to survive it. Selection of photographs by Claude Gluntz of the Swiss magazine L'Illustré, Thierry Gassmann, Josué Anselmo and Patrick Fuller of the ICRC.
      (Info resources\Photos\Africa)
      Photo Collection Includes Photo

    More in this section
      26-4-2004
      ICRC's commemoration of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda.
      From 7 April to mid-July 1994, between 500,000 and one million people in Rwanda were slaughtered in a genocide that took place against a background of civil war. In April 2004 the government and people of Rwanda, and with them the international community, are commemorating these tragic events. The ICRC, which remained present in the country throughout those terrible months, is sharing in these days of mourning.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)

      29-3-2004
      Rwanda 1994: "...kill as many people as you want, you cannot kill their memory"
      Speech by Philippe Gaillard, head of the ICRC's delegation in Rwanda, 1993-1994; given at the Genocide Prevention Conference, London, January 2002, organized by the Aegis Trust and the UK Foreign Office
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Rwanda)

    Other site
      23-2-2005
      International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
      News. Information on Tribunal (annual reports to General Assembly, bulletins, map of Rwanda). Basic texts. Library (list of publications, resources, etc.) Access to database containing the Court proceedings
      (Info resources\Other sites\International law)
      Other site



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    9-07-2008