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section_war_surgery

Section
War surgery and the ICRC
The ICRC helps to treat war casualties by providing surgical staff, training local medical staff, developing programmes for pre-hospital first aid and the evacuation and transportation of injured patients, and improving the capacity of Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers to respond to emergency situations. Access to publications on the surgical management of war wounds, and details of surgery and hospital assistance programmes.

ICRC expertise in war surgery
New publication


  • interview with Chris Giannou, co-author of this publication
  • order this publication

  • The ICRC's long experience in treating war casualties has given it considerable expertise in this field. ICRC surgeons train expatriate medical staff who have volunteered to work for the organization and are new to the specific skills and techniques required in the field. They also teach local doctors these skills to enable them to take over and continue to treat the wounded once the ICRC teams have left. At the international level, courses and workshops are organized each year, such as the H.E.L.P. courses (Health Emergencies in Large Populations), which enable the ICRC to share its knowledge and experience. ICRC doctors publish manuals on war surgery and contribute to professional periodicals.

    In an unsafe environment, gaining access to the wounded and transporting them to hospital can present considerable difficulties. The ICRC, in partnership with the local Red Cross or Red Crescent society, develops programmes for pre-hospital first aid and the evacuation and transportation of injured patients.

    The ICRC also builds national societies' capacity to respond to emergency situations by, for instance, running first-aid courses for volunteers, which cover organization as well as life-saving techniques. The ICRC may provide national societies with communications equipment and ambulances to assist them in preparing for emergencies.


    Working for the ICRC: surgeon; anaesthetist; operating theatre nurse; hospital administrator

    Key document
      5-8-2010
      Somalia, where medics risk their lives to help
      As the conflict in Somalia worsens, medical services are facing growing difficulties. Despite risk to life and limb, ICRC-supported doctors and nurses continue to treat the wounded from all sides. Dr Valery Sasin is the ICRC's surgeon and medical coordinator for Somalia.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Somalia)
      Interview Includes Photo

      27-5-2009
      Eastern Chad: bringing war surgeons closer to the wounded
      More than two years after an explosion of violence shook eastern Chad, some 160,000 people are still unable to return to their homes. Proliferating firearms in the area and the ongoing risk of clashes between the Chadian army and armed opposition groups have created a pervasive atmosphere of potential and actual violence. The ICRC surgical team based in Abéché treats the most serious cases, most of them civilians. Following a three-month assignment there, Dr Ali Touati describes the situation (interview conducted before the clashes of early May).
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Chad)
      Interview Includes Photo

      27-3-2008
      War surgery: dealing with security problems, finding appropriate methods
      Interview with Marco Baldan, organiser of the ICRC's 19th Surgical Seminar (28-30.03.08). Dr. Baldan, ICRC head surgeon, has worked for the organisation for nine years, at HQ and in various countries of Africa. Previously he worked in Iraq, Uganda and Cambodia.
      (ICRC Activities\Assistance\Health\War surgery)
      Interview

    Event
      11-12-2009
      ICRC international war surgery seminar, 2010 - programme
      The ICRC is holding its 21st Surgical Seminar in Geneva from Friday 26 to Sunday 28 March 2010. Surgeons and other surgery professionals from around the world are taking part in the event, whose presenters include ICRC specialists on the treatment and management of war-wounded.
      (Info resources\Events)
      Event

    Feature
      10-3-2010
      Guinea-Bissau: the ICRC helps strengthen the capacity of the national health system
      Guinea-Bissau’s health system is crippled by a lack of drugs and medical materials and equipment, compounded by the departure of medical professionals seeking greener pastures. As a result, few people, including those injured by weapons and mines, have access to adequate medical care.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Guinea-Bissau)
      Feature

      28-9-2009
      Afghanistan: in a quiet corner, the laundry ladies of Mirwais hospital go about their work
      It would be easy to overlook the contribution of the women in the laundry room and tailoring workshop to the running of southern Afghanistan’s largest hospital in Kandahar. Yet without them, it would grind to a halt. The ICRC's Jessica Barry talks about their trials, strength and courage.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Asia and the Pacific\Afghanistan)
      Feature Includes Photo

      28-4-2009
      Somalia: surgeons hone their war-surgery skills
      Treating war-wounded casualties in large numbers is never easy. After more than a decade of fighting, Somalia has limited hospital facilities and the country’s experienced surgeons have little time to train others. The ICRC recently helped fill the training gap with a war surgery seminar in Mogadishu, as Nicole Engelbrecht reports.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Somalia)
      Feature Includes Photo

      8-4-2009
      Afghanistan: assistance to the war-wounded
      In 1979, following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the ICRC started providing medical and surgical assistance in Pakistan to Afghans wounded in the fighting. Based in Kabul since 1987, the ICRC has consistently sought to provide neutral, independent support to health structures and staff across Afghanistan, and to care for conflict victims.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Asia and the Pacific\Afghanistan)
      Feature Includes Photo

      9-2-2009
      Sudan: doctors can fly!
      The green and blue scrubs are the same as on TV, the concentration as intense as in any operating theatre. But beeping high-tech monitors are conspicuous by their absence. In remote areas of Darfur, the ICRC’s Flying Surgical Team performs life-saving operations under the shade of a baobab tree, with the simplest equipment, as the ICRC's Tamara Al Rifai reports.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Sudan)
      Feature Includes Photo

      19-5-2008
      Kenya: surgeons dissect lessons from post-election violence
      Following Kenya's December 2007 general elections, hospital staff had to face a massive, and unexpected, influx of victims of violence. Now, during a series of ICRC-organized workshops geared at peace-time emergencies, they are discussing the lessons learned. The ICRC's Iolanda Jaquemet reports.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Kenya)
      Feature Includes Photo

    ICRC film
      26-1-2010
      Afghanistan: war zone hospital
      Mirwais Hospital in Kandahar serves over 4 million people across southern Afghanistan. As fighting in the region intensifies, the number of casualties through its doors is also rising sharply. Most of the injured are civilians, caught in roadside explosions, air strikes and gunfire. There are two to a bed in the children's ward and the operating theatre has to work 24 hours a day as doctors and nurses struggle to save lives in this war-torn country.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Films\From the field)
      ICRC film Includes Video

      18-1-2008
      Somalia: surgeons fight for life
      In 2007, intense fighting in Mogadishu has pitted military forces from the Transitional Federal Government, backed by Ethiopian troops, against fighters from Somalia’s Islamic Courts. Hospitals have been stretched to capacity. Surgeons at Medina and Keysaney hospitals have treated more than 4,000 wounded people – twice as many as in 2006. This film shows the extraordinary work of surgeons fighting to save lives in the midst of war.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Films\From the field)
      ICRC film Includes Video

      31-12-1996
      Life in a field hospital: a surgical hospital in Africa
      Surgeons, nurses and other medical staff from Red Cross Societies all over the world have come to a no-man's-land between Kenya and Sudan to help the victims of a forgotten war. Life-saving procedures, an emergency that has been going on for years, a daily succession of planes unloading new casualties - such is the scene of day-in, day-out ICRC work in a remote corner of the earth called Lokichokio. From the surgeon just arrived from Europe or Australia to the patient evacuated from deep in the bush, all those involved in this classic example of humanitarian endeavour relate their day-to-day experiences.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Films\Assistance)
      ICRC film

    ICRC Publication
      19-5-2009
      War surgery: working with limited resources in armed conflict and other situations of violence
      ICRC surgical programmes for war victims have been developed over many years, based on "appropriate" responses for a given situation. This often involves making the best of limited resources in an austere environment. Volume 1 of this new publication covers the basics of managing war injuries, as well as general topics.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC PublicationChristos Giannou, Marco Baldan Includes PDF

      15-6-2005
      Hospitals for war-wounded: a practical guide for setting up and running a surgical hospital in an area of armed conflict
      When war breaks out, any existing health-care system will rapidly be disrupted and then overwhelmed: just when the infrastructure on which the facility is dependent collapses, an unprecedented influx of casualties occurs. This book is based on the ICRC's experience in running independent hospitals and is intended for anyone faced with the task of setting up or running a hospital for war casualties. It includes guidelines on how to manage an influx of wounded and sets out a system for managing patients from admission to discharge.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC publication

      31-12-1998
      Surgery for victims of war
      This handbook summarizes the experience of leading practitioners in the field of war surgery and is intended to help military and civilian surgical teams treat people wounded in armed conflicts. It covers first aid, admission of urgent cases and triage, skin grafts, treatment of infections, wounds and burns, plastic surgery and anaesthesiology.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC publicationDaniel Dufour, Soeren Kroman Jensen, Michael Owen-Smith, Jorma Salmela, G. Frank Stening, Björn Zetterström Includes PDF

      31-12-1996
      War wounds with fractures : a guide to surgical management
      This book addresses the management of war wounds by non-specialist surgeons in situations where resources and expertise are limited. It is intended to be a pratical guide whether or not the surgeon has a special training in orthopaedic trauma.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC publicationDavid I. Rowley

      31-12-1994
      War wounds : basic surgical management : the principles and practice of the surgical management of wounds produced by missiles or explosions
      The main concern of a doctor faced with a person injured by a mine, a bullet or a metallic fragment is how to treat the wound. This book is intended to help doctors, whether military or civilian, who have to deal with war wounds.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC publicationRobin Gray Includes PDF

      31-12-1992
      Amputation for war wounds
      The ICRC has acquired a great deal of experience in treating war wounds, particularly those caused by anti-personnel mines. This review of amputation techniques is intended to pass on its experience to all people providing medical care for war victims.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC publicationRobin M. Coupland

      31-12-1991
      The Red Cross wound classification
      The Red Cross wound classification system describes and lists various features of wounds, giving a numerical value to each feature, to help civilian surgeons prepare for war surgery.
      (Info resources\ICRC publications and films\Publications\Assistance)
      ICRC publicationRobin M. Coupland

    Interview
      26-5-2009
      ICRC expertise in war surgery
      ICRC war surgeon Chris Giannou explains the scope and objectives of the new publication, "War surgery: working with limited resources in armed conflict and other situations of violence". As co-author, Giannou provides some insight into the ICRC's war surgery policy and practices in general as well as the new content featured in the book.
      (ICRC Activities\Assistance\Health\War surgery)
      Interview Includes Photo

      18-5-2009
      Somalia: treating the war-wounded
      For years Somalis have been struggling daily to survive amid armed conflict, destitution and a lack of basic services. Mohamed Yusuf defies security risks to run the ICRC-supported Medina Hospital, which provides badly needed surgical and medical services in his hometown, Mogadishu. He discussed his experiences with Bettina Rühl, a journalist.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Somalia)
      Interview Includes Photo

      27-1-2009
      Gaza: from Qatar with a mission
      Shifa Hospital in Gaza City receives most of the critically injured patients from other Gaza hospitals. Said Abu Hasna and Samir Kazkaz are Qatari Red Crescent doctors returning from an ICRC mission at the hospital. Said discusses their experiences.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Middle East and North Africa\Palestine)
      Interview Includes Photo

      21-4-2008
      Comoros: ICRC surgical team on the spot during recent fighting
      As tensions built up in the Indian Ocean nation in March, the ICRC dispatched a surgical team to Anjouan island, to help in case local hospitals became overwhelmed with casualties; interview.
      (The ICRC worldwide\Africa\Comoros)
      Interview Includes Photo

    Job opportunity
      2-9-2009
      Profession: surgeon
      In the field
      (About the ICRC\Human resources\Skills always in demand)
      Job opportunity Includes Photo

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    9-09-2010