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Section International criminal jurisdiction: Ad hoc tribunals
©ICRC/T. Gassmann/V-P-rw-d-00026-18
Rwanda, 1994
The international criminal tribunals for former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and for Rwanda (ICTR) were established by the Security Council to punish violations of international law during the Yugoslavia conflict and the Rwanda genocide of the 1990s. The UN also administers the domestic criminal justice system of Kosovo. Sierra Leone and the UN have recently concluded an agreement to establish a Special Court to prosecute both international and domestic crimes committed during the recent conflict there. A similar tribunal for prosecution of Khmer Rouge has recently been established in Cambodia.  International Review of the Red Cross30-6-2008 The mass crimes in the former Yugoslavia: participation, punishment and prevention?This article discusses sanctions for and the prevention of mass violence by non-state perpetrators. The author's reflections are based on case studies of four former Serbian militiamen who took part in mass violence in the former Yugoslavia. He argues that it is of the utmost importance to consider the typical grassroots relationship between these local players and their own community, so as to maximize the effect of sanctions and perhaps prevent further offences by potential future perpetrators. (Info resources\International Review\2008 - No. 870) International Review of the Red Cross Includes PDF 30-6-2003 Ten years after the creation of the International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia: evaluation of the impact of its jurisprudence on international humanitarian lawDuring its ten years of existence, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia has served not only as an enforcement mechanism for violations of international humanitarian law, but also as an authoritative source of interpretation of this branch of law. The author examines the Court's jurisprudence and assesses its impact on humanitarian law. (Info resources\International Review\2003 - No. 850) International Review of the Red Cross Includes PDF 30-6-2003 The development of the grave breaches regime and of individual criminal responsibility by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia Two key developments of international humanitarian law by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia are analysed in this article: the progressive interpretation of the grave breaches regime and the common purpose doctrine. It is argued that these developments are legally justified and have been consistently upheld in recent decisions, despite ongoing controversy. (Info resources\International Review\2003 - No. 850) International Review of the Red Cross Includes PDF 31-3-2002 New approaches to international justice in Cambodia and East Timor(Info resources\International Review\2002 - No. 845) International Review of the Red Cross 31-3-2002 United Nations peace-building, amnesties and alternative forms of justice: A change in practice?(Info resources\International Review\2002 - No. 845) International Review of the Red Cross 31-3-2002 Sierra Leone’s shoestring Special Court(Info resources\International Review\2002 - No. 845) International Review of the Red Cross 30-6-2001 Enforcing international humanitarian law: Catching the accomplices(Info resources\International Review\2001 - No. 842) International Review of the Red Cross Includes PDF 31-12-2000 Protection of civilian persons in the power of the enemy and the establishment of an international criminal jurisdiction(Info resources\International Review\2000 - No. 840) International Review of the Red Cross 31-12-2000 The shelling of Knin by the Croatian Army in August 1995: A police operation or a non-international armed conflict?(Info resources\International Review\2000 - No. 840) International Review of the Red Cross 30-9-2000 Peace and the laws of war: the role of international humanitarian law in the post-conflict environment(Info resources\International Review\2000 - No. 839) International Review of the Red Cross 30-9-2000 The judgment of the ICTY Appeals Chamber on the merits in the Tadic case(Info resources\International Review\2000 - No. 839) International Review of the Red Cross 30-6-2000 The interests of States versus the doctrine of superior responsibility(Info resources\International Review\2000 - No. 838) International Review of the Red Cross 31-12-1999 Decision by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia concerning testimony by ICRC personnel(Info resources\International Review\1999 - No. 836) International Review of the Red Cross 30-6-1999 The application of the Geneva Conventions by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia(Info resources\International Review\1999 - No. 834) International Review of the Red Cross Legal article28-2-2004 The ICRC privilege not to testify: confidentiality in actionICRC legal adviser Gabor Rona examines the unique nature of the ICRC’s international legal status, the three specific sources in international law for the ICRC’s testimonial protection, and discusses the reasons behind the ICRC’s policy on testimony as well as related issues. (About the ICRC\Mandate) Legal article Press article31-8-2006 War crimes and punishment The repression of war crimes committed in the former Yugoslavia is principally the remit of the International Criminal Tribunal in The Hague, which focuses on the most high-profile cases. For several years, however, national war crimes tribunals have been set up in Croatia and Serbia to complement the work begun in The Hague. The ICRC regularly visits individuals charged and sentenced by these courts and, in certain cases, arranges for the families to visit their detained relatives. – Article published in the Red Cross Red Crescent Magazine, No. 2, 2006 (Humanitarian law\International criminal jurisdiction) Press article Other site13-6-2007 Cambodian Genocide ProgramKhmer Rouge Genocide Tribunal (Info resources\Other sites\International law) Other site 10-8-2005 The special court for Sierra LeoneThe Special Court for Sierra Leone was set up jointly by the Government of Sierra Leone and the United Nations. It is mandated to try those who bear the greatest responsibility for serious violations of international humanitarian law and Sierra Leonean law committed in the territory of Sierra Leone since 30 November 1996. (Info resources\Other sites\International law) Other site 27-6-2005 Genocide, War Crimes and Crimes Against HumanityBook published online on the Human Rights Watch website. Topical Digests of the Case Law of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia . (Info resources\Other sites\International law) Other site 23-2-2005 International Criminal Tribunal for RwandaNews. Information on Tribunal (annual reports to General Assembly, bulletins, map of Rwanda). Basic texts. Library (list of publications, resources, etc.) Access to database containing the Court proceedings (Info resources\Other sites\International law) Other site 23-2-2005 International Criminal Tribunal for the former YugoslaviaTribunal structure and composition. Indictments and proceedings. Judgments. Tribunal publications (summaries of jurisprudence and annual reports). Access to reference documents (Tribunal Statutes, rules of procedure and evidence, etc.). Information on the trial of Slobodan Milosevic. (Info resources\Other sites\International law) Other site 23-2-2005 Nuremberg War Crimes Trials – Avalon Project at Yale Law SchoolVery large number of documents available on-line concerning the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal (presentation of cases, testimony of witnesses, key documents related to the proceedings, etc.). List of other web resources on the Holocaust and the Nuremberg Tribunal. (Info resources\Other sites\International law) Other site  |
