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|
 ARMED FORCES | |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the) | |
| |  | Regina v. Clegg (Appellant), House of Lords, 19 January 1995 | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 US 763 - Supreme Court, 5 June 1950
| |
| | | Handel v. Artukovic, 601 F. Supp. 1421 - Dist. Court, CD California, 31 January 1985 | |
| | | Linder v. Calero Portocarrero, 747 F. Supp. 1452 - Dist. Court, SD Florida 1990 | |
| | | Goldstar et al. v. US, US Court of Appeals (4th Circuit), 967 F.2d 965, 16 June 1992 | |
| | | In re World War II Era Japanese Forced Labor Litigation, 114 F. Supp. 2d 939 - Dist. Court, ND California 2000 | |
| | | Mehinovic v. Vuckovic, 198 F. Supp. 2d 1322 - Dist. Court, ND Georgia, Atlanta Div. 2002 | |
| | | Padilla ex rel. Newman v. Bush, 233 F. Supp. 2d 564 - Dist. Court, SD New York 2002 | |
| | | Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, Court of Appeals (4th Circuit), 8 January 2003 | |
| | | Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 542 US 426 - Supreme Court, 28 June 2004 | |
| BASIC CODES | |
| Colombia | |
| | | Sentencia C-225/95, Corte Constitucional, revisión constitucional del Protocolo II a las Convenciones de Ginebra de 1949 | |
| CHEMICAL WEAPONS | |
| Netherlands (the) | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Frans van Anraat, Dutch Supreme Court, LJN: BG4822, 07/10742, 30 June 2009 (in Dutch) | |
| CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICT | |
| Colombia | |
| | | Sentencia C-172/04, Corte Constitucional, revisión de constitucionalidad de la Ley 833 de 2003 que aprobó el Protocolo Facultativo de la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño relativo a la participación de niños en los Conflictos Armados | |
| CIVIL CODE | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Handel v. Artukovic, 601 F. Supp. 1421 - Dist. Court, CD California, 31 January 1985 | |
| | | Siderman de Blake v. Republic of Argentina, Court of Appeals (9th Circuit), 22 May 1992 | |
| | | Hugo Princz v. Federal Republic of Germany, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, 1 July 1994 | |
| | | Kadic v. Karadzic, Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit), 13 October 1995 | |
| | | In re World War II Era Japanese Forced Labor Litigation, 114 F. Supp. 2d 939 - Dist. Court, ND California 2000 | |
| | | Mehinovic v. Vuckovic, 198 F. Supp. 2d 1322 - Dist. Court, ND Georgia, Atlanta Div. 2002 | |
| CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Nikola Andrun, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, no. X-KR-05/42, 14 December 2006 (First Instance and Appeal) | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Kreso Lucic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, No. X-KR_05/68, 19 September 2007 | |
| Chile | |
| | | Decision on Immunities for A. Pinochet, Supreme Court, 13 August 2000 (levée immunité parlementaire A. Pinochet) | |
| Russian Federation (the) | |
| | | On Compliance with Articles 90, 96, 122 and 216 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, Constitutional Court, 14 March 2002 | |
| CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE | |
| Colombia | |
| | | Sentencia C-578-1995, Acción de inconstitucionalidad contra el artículo 15 del Decreto Ley 85 de 1989 (sobre responsabilidad militar del superior) | |
| | | Sentencia No. C-358/97, Corte Constitucional, Jaime Enrique Lozano, demanda de inconstitucionalidad contra los artículos 25 y otros del Decreto 2550 por el que se expidió el Código Penal Militar | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 US 763 - Supreme Court, 5 June 1950
| |
| COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Novak Dukic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I, Case X-KR-07/394, 12 June 2009 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Ferid Hodzic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I, Case X-KR-07/430, 29 June 2009 | |
| Canada | |
| | | Regina v. Boland, Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada, 16 May 1995 | |
| Chile | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Augusto Pinochet et al., Ariosto Lapostol Orrego, Fernando Polanco Gallardo, Luis Fernandez Monjes, Hector Vallejos Birtiolo. Partie civile, Ernesto Lejderman Avalos, Supreme Court of Chile, 696-2008, . | |
| Croatia | |
| | | Prosecutor v. M. P. et al., Zadar District Court, 24 April 1997 | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Yamashita v. Styer, Supreme Court, 4 February 1946 | |
| | | Linder v. Calero Portocarrero, 747 F. Supp. 1452 - Dist. Court, SD Florida 1990 | |
| | | Kadic v. Karadzic, Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit), 13 October 1995 | |
| | | Ford v. García, US 11th Circuit Court of Appeals, No. 01-10357, 30 April 2002 | |
| COMPENSATION | |
| Chile | |
| | | Supreme Court, 15 May 2002 | |
| Israel | |
| | | State of Israel v. Dirani, C.C. 1461/00, District Court, Tel Aviv | |
| Japan | |
| | | Shimoda et al. v. The State, Tokyo District Court, 7 December 1963 | |
| | | X et al. v. The State of Japan, Tokyo District Court, 27 July 1995 | |
| | | X et al. v. The State of Japan, Tokyo High Court, 7 August 1996 | |
| | | Henson et al. v. State of Japan, Tokyo District Court, 9 October 1998 | |
| | | X et al. v. State of Japan, Tokyo District Court, 30 November 1998 | |
| Singapore | |
| | | N.V. De Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappli & Ors v. The War Damage Commission, Court of Appeal, 13 April 1956 | |
| Switzerland | |
| | | Prosecutor v. G. G, Military Tribunal, Division 1, 18 April 1997 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. G.G, Military Court of Cassation, 5 September 1997 | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Handel v. Artukovic, 601 F. Supp. 1421 - Dist. Court, CD California, 31 January 1985 | |
| | | Linder v. Calero Portocarrero, 747 F. Supp. 1452 - Dist. Court, SD Florida 1990 | |
| | | Siderman de Blake v. Republic of Argentina, Court of Appeals (9th Circuit), 22 May 1992 | |
| | | Goldstar et al. v. US, US Court of Appeals (4th Circuit), 967 F.2d 965, 16 June 1992 | |
| | | Hugo Princz v. Federal Republic of Germany, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, 1 July 1994 | |
| | | Kadic v. Karadzic, Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit), 13 October 1995 | |
| | | Doe v. Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), 993 F. Supp. 3 - Dist. Court, Dist. of Columbia 1998 | |
| | | In re World War II Era Japanese Forced Labor Litigation, 114 F. Supp. 2d 939 - Dist. Court, ND California 2000 | |
| | | Moshe Saperstein, et al. v. The Palestinian Authority, The Palestine Liberation Organization, et al., Case No. 04-20225-CIV-Seitz/McAliley, 2006 U.S. Dist. Lexis 92778, 22 December 2006 | |
| CONSTITUTION | |
| Colombia | |
| | | Sentencia C-225/95, Corte Constitucional, revisión constitucional del Protocolo II a las Convenciones de Ginebra de 1949 | |
| Congo (the) | |
| | | Opinion No 066/CS02, 16 décembre 2002, Cour suprême, Avis sur la conformité du Statut de la Cour Pénale Internationale à la constitution du 20 janvier 2002 | |
| Israel | |
| | | Obeid v. State of Israel, Cr.A. 3660/03, Supreme Court of Israel | |
| | | High Court, Adalah, et al. v. Minister of Interior, et al, H.C.J 7052/03 | |
| | | Beilin and Others v. Prime Minister and Others HCJ 6204/06, 6235/06, 6274/06 Supreme Court of Israel | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 US 763 - Supreme Court, 5 June 1950
| |
| | | Echeverria-Hernandez v. USINS, 923 F. 2d 688 - Court of Appeals, 9th Circuit 1991 | |
| CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY | |
| Belgium | |
| | | Brussels Court of Appeal (Ch. mis. acc.), 17 May 1995 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Second French Chamber), 31 May 1995 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Second French Chamber), 15 May 1996 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Vacation Chamber), 9 July 1996 | |
| | | Plainte avec constitution de parties civiles contre X (de nationalité rwandaise), Brussels Tribunal (Chambre du conseil), 22 Julliet 1996 | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Boban Simsic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section 1 for War Crimes, No. X/KR/05/04, 11 July 2006 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Nedo Samardzic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, no. X-KR-05/49, 29 September 2006, (First Instance and Appeal) | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Dragoje Paunovic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, no. X/KRZ-05/16, 27 October 2006 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Nikola Kovacevic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, no. X/KR/05/40, 03 November 2006 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Marko Samardzija, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, no. X-KR-05/07, 3 November 2006 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Radovan Stankovic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, no. X-KR-05/70, 14 November 2006 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Nikola Andrun, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, no. X-KR-05/42, 14 December 2006 (First Instance and Appeal) | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Momčilo Mandić, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, No X-KR-05/58, 18 July 2007 (First Instance and Appeal) | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Kreso Lucic, Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, No. X-KR_05/68, 19 September 2007 | |
| Canada | |
| | | Regina v. Finta, Supreme Court of Canada, 24 March 1994 | |
| | | Mugesera v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [2005] 2 S.C.R. 100, 2005 SCC 40, 28 June 2005 | |
| Chad | |
| | | Affaire Hissein Habré, Ordonnance aux fins d'incompetence, Cour d'Appel de Ndjamena, 23 November 2000 | |
| | | Affaire Hissein Habré, Décision du Conseil Constitutionnel, 6 avril 2001 | |
| Chile | |
| | | Decision on Immunities for A. Pinochet, Supreme Court, 13 August 2000 (levée immunité parlementaire A. Pinochet) | |
| | | Decisión de la Quinta Sala de la Corte de Apelaciones de Santiago, Chile, en el caso María Barros Perelman y otros. | |
| Congo (the) | |
| | | Cour suprême, In re: Draft law on the definition and repression of crimes against humanity, Supreme Court (Opinion), 24 March 1998 | |
| Croatia | |
| | | Proseutor v. M.H., Osijek District Court, 25 June 1997 | |
| France | |
| | | Decision 98-408 DC of 22 January 1999 (Treaty on the Statute of the International Criminal Court), Conseil constitutionnel (Constitutional Council) | |
| Germany | |
| | | Nikola Jorgic, Higher Regional Court at Dusseldorf, 26 September 1997 | |
| | | Nikola Jorgic, Federal Court of Justice, 30 April 1999 | |
| | | Maksim Sokolovic, Federal Court of Justice, 21 February 2001 | |
| Hungary | |
| | | Decision of the Constitutional Court No 53/1993. (X.13.) AB | |
| | | Decision of the Constitutional Court No 36/1996. (IX.4.) AB | |
| Italy | |
| | | Haas and Priebke cases, Military Court of Appeal of Rome / Supreme Court of Cassation, 7 March 1998 / 16 November 1998 | |
| Mexico | |
| | | Cavallo case, 11 January 2001 | |
| Netherlands (the) | |
| | | Supreme Court, 18 September 2001 | |
| Nigeria | |
| | | Pius Nwaoga v. The State, Supreme Court, 3 March 1972 | |
| Senegal | |
| | | Habré, Cassation Court, 20 March 2001 | |
| Spain | |
| | | Decision of the Audiencia Nacional (Sala de lo penal) of 13 December 2000 (genocide in Guatemala) | |
| | | Sentencia 237/2005, Tribunal Constitucional reconociendo el principio de jurisdicción penal universal, | |
| Switzerland | |
| | | Prosecutor v. A. M, Federal Court, 28 April 1997 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. F. N, Military Court of Appeal 1A, 26 May 2000 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. F. N, Military Court of Cassation, 27 April 2001 | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Handel v. Artukovic, 601 F. Supp. 1421 - Dist. Court, CD California, 31 January 1985 | |
| | | Kadic v. Karadzic, Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit), 13 October 1995 | |
| | | The Presbyterian Church of Sudan et al. v. Talisman Energy Inc. and Republic of the Sudan | |
| CULTURAL PROPERTY | |
| Croatia | |
| | | Prosecutor v. M. P. et al., Zadar District Court, 24 April 1997 | |
| DISSEMINATION | |
| Colombia | |
| | | Sentencia SU-1184/2001, sobre conflicto de jurisdicciones en relación a violación de los derechos humanos, peticionario Nory Giraldo de Jaramillo | |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the) | |
| | | Cheney v. Conn (Inspector of Taxes), High Court of England and Wales (Chancery Division), 1 April 1967 | |
| EMBLEM | |
| Germany | |
| | | Deutsches Rotes Kreuz v.. Rettungsdienst Süd/Nord GmbH, Federal Court of Justice, 23 June 1994 | |
| Netherlands (the) | |
| | | Supreme Court, 15 May 1979 | |
| Norway | |
| | | Sentence on the misuse of the Red Cross Emblem | |
| EXTRA-TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION | |
| Australia | |
| | | Polyukhovich v. Commonwealth, High Court of Australia, 14 August 1991 | |
| Austria | |
| | | Supreme Court, 13 July 1994 | |
| Belgium | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Sargeant W., Brussels War Council, 18 May 1966 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. Sargeant W., Military Court, 14 July 1966 | |
| | | Brussels Court of Appeal (Ch. mis. acc.), 17 May 1995 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Second French Chamber), 31 May 1995 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Second French Chamber), 15 May 1996 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Vacation Chamber), 9 July 1996 | |
| | | Plainte avec constitution de parties civiles contre X (de nationalité rwandaise), Brussels Tribunal (Chambre du conseil), 22 Julliet 1996 | |
| | | Ministère public and Centre pour l'égalité des chances et la lutte contre le racisme v. C... et B..., Military Court, 17 December 1997 | |
| | | Arrêts, plainte des parties civiles contre Yerodia et al | |
| | | Arrêts, plainte des parties civiles contre Sharon, Yaron et al. (the Sharon affair) | |
| Canada | |
| | | Regina v. Finta, Supreme Court of Canada, 24 March 1994 | |
| Chad | |
| | | Affaire Hissein Habré, Ordonnance aux fins d'incompetence, Cour d'Appel de Ndjamena, 23 November 2000 | |
| | | Affaire Hissein Habré, Décision du Conseil Constitutionnel, 6 avril 2001 | |
| Denmark | |
| | | The Prosecution v. Saric, Eastern Division of High Court (Third Chamber), 25 November 1994 | |
| Germany | |
| | | Nikola Jorgic, Higher Regional Court at Dusseldorf, 26 September 1997 | |
| | | Nikola Jorgic, Federal Court of Justice, 30 April 1999 | |
| | | Maksim Sokolovic, Federal Court of Justice, 21 February 2001 | |
| Israel | |
| | | Adalah and Others v. Government of Israel HCJ 8276/05 and other cases, Supreme Court of Israel | |
| Mexico | |
| | | Cavallo case, 11 January 2001 | |
| Netherlands (the) | |
| | | Arnhem District Court, 21 February 1996 | |
| | | Arnhem Court of Appeal, 19 March 1997 | |
| | | Supreme Court, 11 November 1997 | |
| | | Supreme Court, 18 September 2001 | |
| Philippines (the) | |
| | | Kuroda v. Jalandoni and others | |
| Senegal | |
| | | Habré, Cassation Court, 20 March 2001 | |
| Spain | |
| | | Decision of the Audiencia Nacional (Sala de lo penal) of 13 December 2000 (genocide in Guatemala) | |
| | | Guatemala Genocide Case, Tribunal Supremo, 25 February 2003. | |
| | | Sentencia 237/2005, Tribunal Constitucional reconociendo el principio de jurisdicción penal universal, | |
| Switzerland | |
| | | Prosecutor v. A. M, Military Court of Cassation, 8 July 1996 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. G. G, Military Tribunal, Division 1, 18 April 1997 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. A. M, Federal Court, 28 April 1997 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. G.G, Military Court of Cassation, 5 September 1997 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. F. N, Military Court of Appeal 1A, 26 May 2000 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. F. N, Military Court of Cassation, 27 April 2001 | |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the) | |
| | | Regina v. Bartle, Ex parte Pinochet, House of Lords, 25 November 1998 and 24 March 1999 | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Johnson v. Eisentrager, 339 US 763 - Supreme Court, 5 June 1950
| |
| | | Handel v. Artukovic, 601 F. Supp. 1421 - Dist. Court, CD California, 31 January 1985 | |
| | | In the Matter of the Extradition of Demjanjuk, District Court for the Norther District of Ohio, Eastern Division, 15 April 1985 | |
| | | Linder v. Calero Portocarrero, 747 F. Supp. 1452 - Dist. Court, SD Florida 1990 | |
| | | Siderman de Blake v. Republic of Argentina, Court of Appeals (9th Circuit), 22 May 1992 | |
| | | Hugo Princz v. Federal Republic of Germany, U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, 1 July 1994 | |
| | | Kadic v. Karadzic, Court of Appeals (2nd Circuit), 13 October 1995 | |
| | | Doe v. Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), 993 F. Supp. 3 - Dist. Court, Dist. of Columbia 1998 | |
| | | Mehinovic v. Vuckovic, 198 F. Supp. 2d 1322 - Dist. Court, ND Georgia, Atlanta Div. 2002 | |
| | | Moshe Saperstein, et al. v. The Palestinian Authority, The Palestine Liberation Organization, et al., Case No. 04-20225-CIV-Seitz/McAliley, 2006 U.S. Dist. Lexis 92778, 22 December 2006 | |
| EXTRADITION | |
| Austria | |
| | | Supreme Court, 13 July 1994 | |
| Belgium | |
| | | Opinion of the Council of State of 21 April 1999 on a legislative proposal approving the Rome Statute on the International Criminal Court | |
| Cameroon | |
| | | Case No. 433/COR, Court of Appeal, 15 March 1996 [Extradition of T. Bagosora] | |
| | | Case No. 615/COR, Court of Appeal, 31 May 1996 [Extradition of 19 Rwandan nationals] | |
| | | Case No. 337/COR, Court of Appeal, 21 February 1997 [Extradition of 8 Rwandan nationals] | |
| Chile | |
| | | Rauff, Walther (extradición pasiva), Supreme Court, 26 April 1963 | |
| Costa Rica | |
| | | Advisory Opinion on the constitutionality of the draft law of approbation of the Rome Statute on the International Criminal Court, Supreme Court of Justice (Constitutional Chamber), 1 November 2000 | |
| Ecuador | |
| | | Case No. 0005-2000-Cl on the "Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court", 21 Februrary 2001 | |
| Mexico | |
| | | Cavallo case, 11 January 2001 | |
| Spain | |
| | | Opinion of the Council of State of 22 August 1999 (on the Rome Statute) | |
| Ukraine | |
| | | Opinion of the Constitutional Court on the conformity of the Rome Statute with the Constitution of Ukraine, Case N 1-35/2001, 11 July 2001. | |
| United States of America (the) | |
| | | Fedorenko v. United States of America, United States Supreme Court, 21 January 1981
| |
| | | In the Matter of the Extradition of Demjanjuk, District Court for the Norther District of Ohio, Eastern Division, 15 April 1985 | |
| | | Demjanjuk v. Petrovsky, et al., Court of Appeals (6th Circuit), 31 October 1985 | |
| | | American Baptist Churches in the USA v. Meese, 712 F. Supp. 756 - Dist. Court, ND California 1989 | |
| | | In the Matter of the Petition of Mahmoud El-Abed AHMAD, v. George WIGEN, US District Court for the Eastern District of New York, 26 September 1989
| |
| GENOCIDE | |
| Austria | |
| | | Supreme Court, 13 July 1994 | |
| Belgium | |
| | | Brussels Court of Appeal (Ch. mis. acc.), 17 May 1995 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Second French Chamber), 31 May 1995 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Second French Chamber), 15 May 1996 | |
| | | Court of Cassation (Vacation Chamber), 9 July 1996 | |
| | | Plainte avec constitution de parties civiles contre X (de nationalité rwandaise), Brussels Tribunal (Chambre du conseil), 22 Julliet 1996 | |
| Cameroon | |
| | | Case No. 615/COR, Court of Appeal, 31 May 1996 [Extradition of 19 Rwandan nationals] | |
| | | Case No. 337/COR, Court of Appeal, 21 February 1997 [Extradition of 8 Rwandan nationals] | |
| Canada | |
| | | Mugesera v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration), [2005] 2 S.C.R. 100, 2005 SCC 40, 28 June 2005 | |
| Congo (the) | |
| | | Cour suprême, In re: Draft law on the definition and repression of crimes against humanity, Supreme Court (Opinion), 24 March 1998 | |
| Croatia | |
| | | Proseutor v. M.H., Osijek District Court, 25 June 1997 | |
| France | |
| | | Decision 98-408 DC of 22 January 1999 (Treaty on the Statute of the International Criminal Court), Conseil constitutionnel (Constitutional Council) | |
| Germany | |
| | | Nikola Jorgic, Higher Regional Court at Dusseldorf, 26 September 1997 | |
| | | Nikola Jorgic, Federal Court of Justice, 30 April 1999 | |
| | | Maksim Sokolovic, Federal Court of Justice, 21 February 2001 | |
| Mexico | |
| | | Cavallo case, 11 January 2001 | |
| Spain | |
| | | Decision of the Audiencia Nacional (Sala de lo penal) of 13 December 2000 (genocide in Guatemala) | |
| | | Guatemala Genocide Case, Tribunal Supremo, 25 February 2003. | |
| | | Sentencia 237/2005, Tribunal Constitucional reconociendo el principio de jurisdicción penal universal, | |
| Switzerland | |
| | | Prosecutor v. A. M, Federal Court, 28 April 1997 | |
| | | Spring, J. v. Suisse, Tribunal Federal, 21 janvier 2000 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. F. N, Military Court of Appeal 1A, 26 May 2000 | |
| | | Prosecutor v. F. N, Military Court of Cassation, 27 April 2001 | |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the) | |
| | | R. v. Starkey, Queen’s Bench Division, 14 December 1987 | |