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Protected persons: The wounded, the sick and health-care providers

… was the founding principle of the 1864 Geneva Convention. That principle remained the … aspects of war and was consolidated in the Geneva Conventions of 1949, three Additional Protocols …

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ICRC Health care providers with patient

Protected persons: Civilians

… community responded with the Fourth Geneva Convention, adopted in 1949. Before 1949, the Geneva Conventions had protected wounded, sick, …

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Internally displaced people have taken refuge in a school used as a makeshift camp in Kanyaruchinya, Congo.

Protected persons

… and objects during armed conflict. The Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols … cannot be done during an armed conflict. The Geneva Conventions are at the core of this law. …

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ICRC prisoner release and transport.

Air and naval warfare

… at sea Updated Commentary on the Second Geneva Convention San Remo Manual on … based on 1977’s Protocol I additional to the Geneva Conventions, including by defining what a …

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A ship at sea firing artillery while three other ships follow behind.

Use of emblems

… emblems are clearly set out in the law. The Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols … they also require each state party to the Geneva Conventions and their Additional …

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A ship used to transport relief aid from Cyprus to Lebanon in Larnaka harbour bears the red cross emblem.

Our history

… is the story of humanitarian action, the Geneva Conventions and the birth of the International … of the Red Cross met for the first time in Geneva, Switzerland. Among its five founding …

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 Humanitarian goods being delivered in Yemen in the 1960s.

National implementation of IHL: Documentation

… kit - Third Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 Environment and warfare … Humanitarian Fact-Finding Commission Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols …

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Cultural property

… by the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions, the Rome Statute of the … 1999 Protocol I additional to the Geneva Conventions, 1977 – Art. 53 Protocol II …

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The Sankoré mosque in Timbuktu, Mali.

Respect for IHL

… "in all circumstances" (Art. 1 common to the Geneva Conventions). They must use their influence to … to armed conflict under Article 1 of the Geneva Conventions to respect and ensure …

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ICRC handbook on international humanitarian law

Protected persons: Internally displaced persons

… more What the law says Treaty law Fourth Geneva Convention, 1949 – art. 44, 45, 49, 70 Protocol I additional to the Geneva Conventions, 1977 – Art. 73, 85 Protocol II …

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Civilians leaving their neighborhood during fighting in Mosul, Iran.

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ICRC library

Created in 1863, the ICRC library, alongside the ICRC archives, provides an indispensable documentary reference on the organization itself and international humanitarian law.

IHL treaties

International humanitarian law is based on a number of treaties, in particular the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and a series of other instruments.

Customary IHL

Customary international humanitarian law consists of rules that come from "a general practice accepted as law" and that exist independent of treaty law.